India’s immunization programme, launched in 1985, is one of the largest health programmes of its kind in the world, catering to a birth cohort of 2.7 crore (27 million) children annually. The programme provides vaccination against eight life‐threatening diseases (diphtheria, whooping cough, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) causing pneumonia and meningitis, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B) in the entire country.
In addition, vaccination against Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is provided in the selected endemic districts/states of the country. Recently, rotavirus vaccine (RVV) has been introduced in the four selected states (Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and odisha).
| Vaccine | When to give | Dose | Route | Site |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For Pregnant Women | ||||
| TT-1 | Early in pregnancy | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Upper Arm |
| TT-2 | 4 weeks after TT-1* | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Upper Arm |
| TT- Booster | If received 2 TT doses in a pregnancy within the last 3 yrs* | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Upper Arm |
| For Infants | ||||
| BCG | At birth or as early as possible till one year of age | 0.1ml (0.05ml until 1 month age) | Intra-dermal | Left Upper Arm |
| Hepatitis B – Birth dose | At birth or as early as possible within 24 hours | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh |
| OPV-0 | At birth or as early as possible within the first 15 days | 2 drops | Oral | Oral |
| OPV 1, 2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (OPV can be given till 5 years of age) | 2 drops | Oral | Oral |
| Pentavalent 1, 2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (can be given till one year of age) | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh |
| Rotavirus# | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (can be given till one year of age) | 5 drops | Oral | Oral |
| IPV | Two fractional dose at 6 and 14 weeks of age | 0.1 ml | Intra dermal two fractional dose | Intra-dermal: Right upper arm |
| Measles /MR 1st Dose$ | 9 completed months-12 months. (can be given till 5 years of age) | 0.5 ml | Sub-cutaneous | Right upper Arm |
| JE – 1** | 9 completed months-12 months. | 0.5 ml | Sub-cutaneous | Left upper Arm |
| Vitamin A (1st dose) | At 9 completed months with measles- Rubella | 1 ml ( 1 lakh IU) | Oral | Oral |
| For Children | ||||
| DPT booster-1 | 16-24 months | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh |
| Measles/ MR 2nd dose $ | 16-24 months | 0.5 ml | Sub-cutaneous | Right upper Arm |
| OPV Booster | 16-24 months | 2 drops | Oral | Oral |
| JE–2 | 16-24 months | 0.5 ml | Sub-cutaneous | Left Upper Arm |
| Vitamin A*** (2nd to 9th dose) | 16-18 months. Then one dose every 6 months up to the age of 5 years. | 2 ml (2 lakh IU) | Oral | Oral |
| DPT Booster-2 | 5-6 years | 0.5 ml. | Intra-muscular | Upper Arm |
| TT | 10 years & 16 years | 0.5 ml | Intra-muscular | Upper Arm |
Note: DPT 1, 2 & 3 are replaced by Pentavalent 1, 2 & 3. Hepatitis B 1, 2 & 3 are replaced by Pentavalent 1, 2 & 3
Maximum age for vaccination
| Vaccine | When to give/Due age | Max Age |
|---|---|---|
| For Pregnant Women | ||
| TT-1 | Early in pregnancy | Give as early as possible in pregnancy |
| TT-2 | 4 weeks after TT-1* | |
| TT- Booster | If received 2 TT doses in a pregnancy within the last 3 yrs* | |
| For Infants | ||
| BCG | At birth or as early as possible till one year of age | till one year of age |
| Hepatitis B – Birth dose | At birth or as early as possible within 24 hours | within 24 hours |
| OPV-0 | At birth or as early as possible within the first 15 days | within the first 15 days |
| OPV 1, 2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (OPV can be given till 5 years of age) | till 5 years of age |
| Pentavalent 1, 2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (can be given till one year of age) | 1 year of age |
| Rotavirus# | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks (can be given till one year of age) | 1 year of age |
| IPV | Two fractional dose at 6 and 14 weeks of age | 1 year of age |
| Measles /MR 1st Dose$ | 9 completed months-12 months. (can be given till 5 years of age) | 5 years of age |
| JE – 1** | 9 completed months-12 months. | 15 years of age |
| Vitamin A (1st dose) | At 9 completed months with measles- Rubella | 5 years of age |
| For Children | ||
| DPT booster-1 | 16-24 months | 7 years of age |
| Measles/ MR 2nd dose $ | 16-24 months | 5 years of age |
| OPV Booster | 16-24 months | 5 Years |
| JE–2 | 16-24 months | till 15 years of age |
| Vitamin A*** (2nd to 9th dose) | 16-18 months. Then one dose every 6 months up to the age of 5 years. | Up to the age of 5 years |
| DPT Booster-2 | 5-6 years | 7 years of age |
| TT | 10 years & 16 years | 16 years |
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