Pharmaceutical liquid dosage forms are those preparations that contains active drugs and excipients that are dissolved or suspended in appropriate solvents.
Solutions are prepared by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gas into a solvent in which the solute molecules are dissolved into a solvent such as water, alcohol or carbonated beverages.
Excipients includes emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, stabilising, suspending, wetting, thickening agent, preservative, sweetening agent, flavoring agent, and colouring agent.
Advantage of Liquid Dosage Form
- liquid dosage forms can be administered via various routes of administration.
- These dosage forms are suited for administration to patients’ groups who have trouble taking solid forms, such as children and the elderly.
- high dosing flexibility- Dose of liquid dosage form can be easily quantified (by measuring volume)
- Quick onset of action as compare to solid dosage forms.
- Liquid dosage form provides high absorption of medicinal drugs as compare to solid dosage forms.
Classification of Liquid dosage form
Liquid dosage forms are composed of two components i.e solute (a component that dissolves) and solvents (the medium in which the solute will dissolve).
Liquid dosage forms are categorized as monophasic and biphasic liquid dosage form (two broad categories).
In a monophasic liquid the drug/medicament/active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is completely dissolved within the vehicle, while in the case of biphasic liquids, the drug/medicament/API does not completely dissolve and instead is suspended or dispersed within the vehicle, forming two phases.
A. Monophasic Liquid Dosage Form
Monophasic liquid dosage forms are the liquid solutions (i.e. homogeneous mixtures/true solutions) that comprise two or more components in a single phase.
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B. Biphasic Liquid Dosage Form
Biphasic Liquid Dosage Form Contain two Phases. This includes undissolved drug And the solvent System(Vehicle).