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Topical agents are substances that act locally on the surface of the body, such as the skin and mucous membranes.
| Compounds | Formula | Use/Category | Analyzed | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Oxide | ZnO | Astringent and protective | Acidimetric back titration | ZnO Ointment —15% conc. |
| Calamine | ZnO with small amount of ferric oxide | Astringent and protective | – | Used as lotion and ointment |
| Zinc Stearate | (CH3 (CH3)16C00}Zn | Astringent and Antimicrobial | Complexometric | Dusting Powder |
| Alum (Hydrated potassium aluminium sulfate-potassium alum) | KAI(SO4)2.12H20 | Astringent, stop bleeding from small cut, Pharmaceutical aids | Gravimetry or precipitation | Used in 0.5-5% conc. |
| Titanium Dioxide | TiO2 | Protective and Pharmaceutical aids | Complexometric | |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | H2O2 | Germicides | Oxidation reduction | |
| Potassium Permenganate | KMnO4 | Anti infective & Antiseptic | Oxidation reduction | 0.0006-2% |
| Mercurous chloride | HgCl | Anti infective | Iodometric | Used in Eczema |
| Boric acid or boracic acid (Acidum boricum, hydrogen borate) | H3BO3 | Anti infective & Germicides | Titrimetric | Bacteriostatic as eye wash- 4.5% |
| Selenium Sulphide | SeS2 | Kwashiorkar & Anti-dendruff agent | Oxidation reduction | Antioxidant in conjugation with Vit.E |
| Iodine (Iodophore.Povidon-Iodine) | I2 | Anti infective & Local germicidal | Oxidation reduction | Aq Iodine Solution, Lugol Solution, Iodine tincture, Strong Iodine Solution, Weak Iodine Solution |
| Zinc Sulphate | ZnSO4.7H2O | Astringent & Emetics | Gravimetric | 0.6-2 gm dose |
| Silicone Oil | Dimethy Silyl ether | Gastric protective, anti-flatulent | Simethicone (Activated Dimethicone) |
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